What does productivity measure in economic terms?

Productivity in economic terms is primarily measured as output per unit of input. This metric indicates how efficiently resources, such as labor and capital, are being utilized to produce goods and services. When productivity increases, it means that more output is being generated from the same amount of inputs, which can lead to economic growth and increased living standards. Understanding productivity is essential for analyzing how changes in factors like technology, workforce skills, and resource management can impact overall economic performance. This concept is foundational in economics, as higher productivity can lead to greater profitability for businesses and, subsequently, greater economic welfare for society.